Haripal Singh

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy is a hereditary disorder that is typically inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion with variable penetrance and expressivity. The hallmark of the disorder is myocardial hypertrophy that is inappropriate, often asymmetrical, and occurs in the absence of an obvious inciting hypertrophy stimulus. This hypertrophy can occur in any region of the left or … Read more

Electrical Alternans is an electrocardiographic manifestation in which there is alternation in the amplitude of the QRS complex, the T wave alone, OR Both QRS and T wave. It often accompanies fast rates and then has no prognostic significance. When found with slow rates, it connotes organic heart disease with an adverse prognosis. Electrical Alternans … Read more

Hypothermia ECG manifestations of Hypothermia are:- Development of J wave :- J wave or Junctional wave or Osborne wave is a hump-like deflection which occurs at the junction of the distal limb of the QRS complex with the ST segment. The amplitude of this deflection is proportional to the degree of hypothermia. It is consistently … Read more

Digitalis Effect ECG in digitalis is manifested as:- Straight downwards slope with a sharp terminal rise like mirror image of a check or correction mark. This does not coonote toxicity and is seen in digitalis therapeutic doses. However, if the beginning of ST segment with the inverse check mark configuration is already depressed below the … Read more

MVP refers to a systolic billowing of one or both mitral leaflets into left atrium with or without mitral regurgitation. The prevalence of this entity is 1% to 2.5% in the population The disease can be primary or secondary in occurence. The primarry MVP syndrome is autosomal inherited while the secondary causes may be due … Read more

Systemic Hypertension may manifest electrocardiographically in the following manner:- Electrocardiographic signs of left venticular hypertrophy due to systolic overload Electrocardiographic signs of left atrial abnormality Left Axis Deviation because of chronic systemic hypertension ECG features of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy There are deep S waves in the right oriented leads Tall R waves in the left … Read more

Cardiac failure is not a disease but a manifestation of underlying disease of the heart or the circulatory system. Common causes of heart failure are coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, valvular heart disease and hypertensive heart disease. A normal ECG is very unlikely in a patient of left ventricular dysfunction and hyas a negative predictive value … Read more

Myocarditis is an under-recognised cardiac disease which can present from asymptomatic form to acute pump failure with gross ECG changes Myocarditis causes a diffuse, but patchy involvement of myocardium including atrium, ventricles and the conducting system. ECG Presentation of Mocarditis:- 1. Abnormalities of QRS complex Increase in QRS duration Bizzare intaventricular conduction defects Pathological Q … Read more

Acute Pericarditis ECG is an important finding to understand because it mimicks STEMI. Inflammation of the pericardium occurs due to various causes and characteristically presents with chest pain. ECG in pericarditis is further discussed under following headings: Acute Pericarditis ECG Acute pericarditis is caused due to autoimmune, infective or idiopathic reasons, most common being the … Read more